Endophthalmitis in a Vitrectomised Eye - An Unexpected Visitor

Abstract

Purpose: This case report aims to highlight the rare incidence of endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy and to elucidate the causative factors, implicated microorganisms, clinical features, prophylaxis, and treatment of this rare entity. Methods: A 67-year-old male presented with complaints of a black spot in front of his right eye for 4 months. BCVA was CF@3m in RE and 6/9 in LE. On examination, RE had IMSC with a large macular hole, while LE was pseudophakic with an old macular tributary occlusion. The patient underwent Cataract surgery with 25G PPV + ILM Peeling + C3F8 in RE. 15 days later the patient developed endophthalmitis in the operated eye. The patient underwent a vitreous lavage with intra-vitreal antibiotic injections. One week later, the patient developed Retinal Detachment in the same eye. Results: The patient was operated for macular hole and later on treated for endophthalmitis and RD. His final visual acuity was CF@2m. Conclusion : Endophthalmitis following Pars Plana Vitrectomy has limited reports in the literature and is relatively uncommon. This case report highlights the factors which could lead to such incidences and discusses how to treat and prevent its occurrence.