Clinical Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Cataract in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Published

2026-07-31

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56692/upjo.2026140202

Keywords:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus;, Cataract; Prevalence; Risk factors;, LOCS III; HbA1c; Cortical cataract; Mixed cataract.

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Issue

Vol. 14 No. 02 (2026): UP JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY

Section

Research Article

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Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

© Author, Open Access. This article is licensed under a CC Attribution 4.0 License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/byncsa/4.0/.

Authors

  • Ruchika Agarwal Department of Ophthalmology, Rama Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Research Article Abstract
  • Romila Singh Department of Ophthalmology, Rama Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: Aim: To study the prevalence and risk factors associated with cataract in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Objectives: To study the prevalence of cataract in T2DM. To assess the correlation of age, gender, duration of diabetes and level of blood glucose (HbA1c/RBS) with the development of cataract.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional study conducted over a duration of 12 months. A complete medical history and detailed local and systemic examination were obtained. RBS, FBS, PPBS and HbA1c were measured. Cataract was graded using the Lens Opacities Classification System III (LOCS III).
Results: 50 patients with cataract and 50 without cataract were enrolled; all were known cases of diabetes mellitus, with or without medication. The prevalence of cataract of any type in T2DM patients was 45%. Of these, the majority had mixed cataract (29%) and 16% had a monotype cataract. Cataract was more common among females (57.8%), in patients with a longer duration of diabetes (>10 years; 71.1%) and in older patients.
Conclusions: T2DM patients with cataract were significantly older (P<0.001), more likely to be female (P=0.12) and had a longer duration of diabetes (P<0.001). Prevalence of cataract of any type was 45%; 29% had mixed cataract and 16% had monotype cataract.

How to Cite

1.
Agarwal R, Singh R. Clinical Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Cataract in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. UPJO [Internet]. 2026 Jul. 31 [cited 2026 Jul. 31];14(02):51-4. Available from: https://upjo.org/index.php/upjo/article/view/677

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